The textile arts collection at the de Young contains over 13, 000 textiles and costumes from all over the world. The collection contains loom-woven textiles, and non-woven fabrics from bark cloth, felt, knitting and object embellishments, including beading and embroidery. Some of the highlights include Turkmen carpets, rare 12th 0 15th century Asian and North Indian silks, European tapestries, and contemporary Bay Area fiber art. The de Young has been known for its 20th-century couture exhibits from the post-World War II era. Some of the memorable pieces on display are by Christian Dior, Cristóbal Balenciaga, Madame Grés, Yves Saint Laurent and Coco Chanel. One of the interesting exhibits on display now until February 12th, 2017, experience The Sumatran Ship Cloth exhibit in Gallery 31 at the de Young. This exhibit represents the three ceremonial textiles from the Lampung region of south Sumatra, a region of Indonesia where ship imagery is a major theme in woven arts. "For many Indonesians, the sea represents their lifeblood, and ship imagery reflects social structures, rituals, and cosmological beliefs. These textiles from the Museums’ permanent collection, dating from the 19th and 20th centuries, are being shown for the first time."

The Question Dear Costume Goddess: I would like to know how to sew on fabric that looks like it has sequins on it, but is really painted or glued on? I tried sewing this type of fabric and the glue gummed up my needles causing my thread to break. What do I need to do to sew on this particular type of fabric? I am trying to make a beledi dress. Thanks and have a great evening. -Glittery Fabric The Costume Goddess Responds Dear Glittery, The fabric I've seen labeled "glitter dot" is a metallic knit or a velour that has a pattern of reflective dots fused onto the surface. It catches the light beautifully, similar to real sequins, but at a more modest price. It makes a glamorous caftan-style coverup, scarf, or skirt. In the photo, my turban is made with glitterdot fabric. Click on the photo to see the turban in more detail. The adhesive will indeed gunk up your needle while sewing. For this reason a garment with few seams is more suitable than one with darts and fitted sleeves. I have a list of tips found on a flyer at the fabric store, which may be helpful: Choose styles with simple, classic lines. The beauty of the garment will be in the fabric itself. Make fitting adjustments on the pattern. Alterations will mark the fabric (with holes). When pinning pattern, place pins between seam line and edge (to avoid holes that show). Use a size 12 needle in sewing machine. Place a drop of "Sewer's Aid" (a lubricant) on needle and bottom of presser foot for ease in sewing. Set stitch length slightly long. Avoid top stitching. Sew at a very slow speed to prevent friction from the needle, causing it to get warm and create a sticky build-up. If needle develops a sticky build-up, use nail polish remover or alcohol to wipe needle and re-apply "Sewer's Aid". If needle becomes dull replace it with a new one. When pressing use a low heat setting. Always press back side of fabric. Do not touch iron to sequins. Finger-press seams to open them and lightly press tip of iron to back of seam, using a presscloth. I have to add that the dots can peel off from heat, rough wear and handling, or washing, so handle with care. Hand sewing a hem will be easier than trying to topstitch it - or just sew trim over raw edge. I've used this fabric to cover a belt and bra by hand with beautiful results, but it was difficult, and my finger was sore for days. (No, the CG does not use a thimble.) I would recommend this only for experts at sewing! -The Costume Goddess Additional Thoughts After this article was originally published, another dancer offered some input of her own on glitter dot fabric. Here it is: A well-known maker of beaded costumes named Vicki Horiuchi doesn't think much of the glitter dot as is, but she likes to use the ready-made grid pattern to add beads onto, making vertical, horizontal and diagonal patterns. It ends up looking much more expensive. If you layer an openwork lacy fabric, especially black lace, over the glitter dot, just the sparkle shows through the lace, subduing the polka-dot gaudiness of the glitter dot. It's a gorgeous effect on stage. A sheath skirt or dress would be the perfect piece to use this technique. About the Costume Goddess Dina has been sewing for more than twenty-five years (yes, she started as a toddler!) She's also an artist (Maryland Institute of Art) and perfected her sewing techniques apprenticed to various designers, freelancing for small theaters, restyling vintage garments, and altering wedding gowns. Dina fell in love with belly dancing costumes upon her very first lesson. Now the pleasure of wearing her own designs, and seeing others wear them, offers as much pleasure as dancing. She's become expert as well in altering those troublesome ready-made Egyptian costumes, and modifying designs to flatter individual figures. She holds workshops in Seattle to teach design and construction of cabaret costumes, and analysis of figure characteristics. She will also give private lessons, or resize or repair a secondhand costume. She's thus earned her Costume Goddess title. The Costume Goddess Tells All Costuming Books Dina has published six books of her own on belly dance costuming as well as writing nearly all the costuming section for The Belly Dance Book . For information on her series of books, , see her web site at reviews here on Shira.net of some of her books, see:

Textured glass fibre fabrics (type GT) are made of alkali-free alumina borosilicate E-type glass fibre yarns. Textured yarns with a filament diameter of 6 and 9 µm are used for the production of textured fabrics, type GT. Application : GT fabrics are used as heat and acoustic insulating material, as a heat absorber for compensators, and for the production of protective clothes. Parameters : mass per unit area: 280 up to 1200 g/m²; GT type fabrics are manufactured with cut and/or tuck-in selvedge. Designation: e.g. GT-550 TS, where GT means fabric made of textured yarns (textured fabric); 550-mass per unit area, g/m²; TS-edge type (tucked). HR-glass is alkali-free aluminosilicate glass that does not contain boron oxide and fluorine. This glass type could fully substitute E-glass in various aspects. The most important feature of this type of glass is its thermal resistance of up to 800°C. Advantages of HR glass fibre compared to E-glass: better chemical resistance, particularly in acidic, as well as alkaline and water environments; better thermal resistance; better dielectric properties; equal durability;

7th Avenue - Pointelle-Knit Short-Sleeve Sweater is rated 4.4286 out of 5 by 7. Rated 4 out of 5 by MsAnn from Nice top I was looking for a white an black top. The design was just what I wanted. Simple white with an elegant trimming of black. Rated 4 out of 5 by Tigan28 from Nice I purchased this top and it's not as "white" as I expected. Its okay. Rated 5 out of 5 by JPFLove from Great details in the stich I bought this beauty of a shirt and it looks so eligent. Rated 3 out of 5 by Matawan Marge from This lacked something... It was the material I think. Did not hang or fit nicely, gave my shape an old lady look. So pretty in picture. Had to return it. Rated 5 out of 5 by Dusty4444 from Looks nice dressed down or up for work No photos sorry. Rated 5 out of 5 by K2holiday from Love this sweater! It is a classic style, with just enough stretch without being too clingy. The matching skirt was too tight so I ended up buying a size bigger in the skirt but the outfit is very classy! Rated 5 out of 5 by smirknsmile from Very Cute Outfit I was hesitant to buy this because I wasn't sure how I felt about the "pointelle-knit" fabric. I thought that in previous items it was a little scratchy, however I risked it and I love this set. The material is very soft and the sweater is my usual size, an XS. As a note, I almost always have to order a M for the skirt part of these matching sets (even though in dresses I'm an XS), and the M fit perfectly in this set, so the full set appears to be very true to size. The skirt is a little see through so you'll have to wear nude undergarments, but not inappropriately so. The outfit is great to wear to work or to dinner.

Shaoxing Countyis located in the south of Yangze River Delta, about 25 kilometers away fromHangzhou XiaoshanInternational Airporton the west, 120 kilometers away fromNingboBeilun Porton the east and 220 kilometers away fromShanghai on the north. With an area of 1, 177 sq.km ., the whole county consists of 15 towns and 4 residential districts under its command with the population of 725800 registered permanent residents and 876000 immigrated population. The County seat is Keqiao. The Shanghai-Hangzhou-Ningbo railway links the east to the west and the Shanghai-Hangzhou-Ningbo and Hangzhou-Jinhua-Quzhou freeway meet here and go through the county. Flat and extensive roads of high grade are available within its range. The container combining transport market is well-developed. There are more than 100 combining transport lines from Keqiao to everywhere around the county.EastZhejiang Canalgoes through the county, and it reachesNingboPort on the east and links to the Great Beijing –HanghzouCanal on the west. The freshwater navigation is well-developed. History and Culture Belonging to Hemudu cultural circle, Shaoxing is the origin of Chinese civilization since primitive tribe times.Shaoxing County is also one of the first batch of national 24 famous historic and cultural cities, known as “South China Pearl”, “Silk Capital”, “Culture Hometown”, “Region of Rivers and Lakes”, “Bridge Capital”, “Wine Land”, “County of Shaoxing Opera”, “Home of Celebrities” and “Textile Capital”. Shaoxing has been recognized as one of the political, economic, and cultural centers in Southern Chinasince Qin & Han dynasties (221 BC-220) to the Ming & Qing Dynasties (1368-1911) with a galaxy of talents. Economic Feature Shaoxing County is the coastal region with open economy, also is one of the most active areas of Chinese private economy and market economy. It has been in the Top Ten Strongest County for several years. It has formed the economic pattern with the industry as the main body and business, tourism, building, real estate, and agriculture developing in harmony. There are 14 listed enterprises in the whole county. It realized GDP RMB100.877billion Yuan and per capita GDP RMB138700 Yuan in 2012. Shaoxing County is one of the industrial groups with the largest production capacity inChina with nearly 10, 000 textile enterprises of all kinds. Over 3 million tons of various kinds of chemical fiber, 19 billion meters of printing & dyeing cloth and nearly 300 million pieces /sets of costume are produced here, generating an annual export of textile fabrics of nearly USD 9 billion. The aggregate economic volume ofShaoxing Countytextile industry accounts for 10% of national total amount, it has basically formed a complete industry chain from PTA, chemical fiber, to polyester fabrics, dyeing & printing, costume and home textile. Therefore, strong textile production capacity has great impact on Chinese textile industry. Textile industry of ShaoxingCounty has been walking toward the modern industry colony of “ Technology Innovation, Sustainable Development, Reasonable and Defined Industry System” at present . Advantageous industry such as equipment manufacture, auto accessory, rubber, new building materials and metalwork will be strived to developed in line with the textile industry upgrading and transformation. New emerging and Strategic industry such as new energy, biological and medical industry and house industrialization are also actively fostered. With the target of “leading economic powerful county, transformation and upgrading demonstrative base, happy waterfront town suitable for living and work, modern and open charming new city”, it actively copes with the complicated and changeable micro environment，

A textile mill is a manufacturing facility where textiles, or types of cloth, are produced or processed into finished products, such as clothing. At a mill, raw natural fibers, such as cotton and wool, and synthetic fibers, such as nylon and polyester, are combined, carded and drawn out into long strands before they are spun into yarn, and wound onto special reels called bobbins. Depending on the type of material or product, the yarn is then ready for pressing, weaving, crocheting or knitting. The final steps in textiles production are dyeing and finishing, where fabrics and other textiles are colored, have designs printed on them, and are treated to keep them from shrinking, fading, wrinkling, and/or soiling easily. Historically, textile mills were highly labor intensive, but in modern textile mills, specialized machinery perform most of the work. There are a few different textile mill worker job specialties identified by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, including: Textile Mill Specialty Job Responsibilities Textile winding, twisting, and drawing out machine setters, operators, and tenders Set up, operate or tend machines that wind or twist textiles, or draw out and combine sliver, such as wool, hemp or synthetic fibers Textile knitting and weaving machine setters, operators and tenders Set up, operate or tend machines that knit, loop, weave or draw in textiles Textile bleaching and dyeing machine operators and tenders Operate or tend machines to bleach, shrink, wash, dye or finish textiles or synthetic or glass fibers Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers and weighers Inspect, test, sort, sample or weigh nonagricultural raw materials or processed, machined, fabricated or assembled parts or products for defects, wear and deviations from specifications First-line supervisors/managers of production and operating workers Directly supervise and coordinate the activities of production and operating workers, such as inspectors, precision workers, machine setters and operators, assemblers, fabricators, and plant and system operators The Industrial Revolution is largely responsible for the growth of textile mills, especially when it came to the processing of cotton, one of the most important natural fibers in the world. Although the importance of textiles is still apparent, specialized machinery has long since replaced many workers today. Textiles are currently produced and processed in approximately 18, 800 locations across the nation. Many of the goods that were produced and processed in textile mills from the 1940s to the 1970s were made with asbestos fibers, which put many textile workers at risk of asbestos exposure. However, those currently working in textile mills could still be at risk if exposed to older machinery, appliances or equipment. Products and Locations Textile mill workers were exposed to different types of asbestos products such as: Textile Products : Textile mill workers were mainly exposed to asbestos through the raw material that was combined, carded, spun into yarn and then pressed, woven, crocheted or knitted into the products that were produced and processed, especially at mills were fire-resistant products were made, such as fire curtains, roofing felts, welding blankets, fireproof safety clothing, oven mitts and pot holders. Thermal Insulation : Fabric-weaving machinery, drying machines and boilers were insulated with asbestos, further exposing workers. Occupational Exposure Textile mill workers’ exposure to asbestos is largely the result of direct handling of asbestos that was used to produce textiles. Exposure to airborne asbestos fibers and asbestos-containing insulation around machinery was a concern for all workers in the mill, whether they handled asbestos directly or not. Before strict regulations on the use of asbestos were implemented, the process of converting asbestos into usable fabric was one that involved many different workers and locations throughout the mill. The asbestos was then delivered to storage, and when workers moved the asbestos from storage, they mixed it with cotton. It was then piled, which meant cotton and asbestos were put in alternating layers on the floor and then fed to a picker machine. This was followed by carding, the arranging of cotton and asbestos fibers in parallel rows. The asbestos cards were then spun into yarn and wound around spools. This process created an environment in which heavy asbestos exposure was possible. Once carded, the material was spun into yarn and weaved, crocheted or knitted into completely or partially finished products. It was common for fibers to become disturbed throughout this manufacturing process. This especially happened during the weaving process, where threads are prone to rub together and produce dust and lint, which disperse asbestos fibers and dust into the air. Once these fibers are inhaled, many are expelled, but some can become lodged in organ tissues and remain there throughout life. The accumulation of fibers can cause inflammation and scarring that may lead to the development of mesothelioma cancer and other asbestos-related illnesses. Textile mill workers were also exposed to asbestos that was used for insulation purposes, such as asbestos cement used to insulate panels of drying machines. Not only did the drying machines themselves contain asbestos insulation, but lint and dust created by the drying machines did as well if asbestos materials were being used. Weaving machinery and boilers also contained asbestos insulation. Because most machinery used to create textile products was insulated with asbestos, all textile workers who had a hand in the manufacturing of textile products were at risk of exposure. Scientific Studies A study published in the March 2009 Occupational and Environmental Medicine titled, “Lung Cancer Mortality and Fiber Exposures among North Carolina Asbestos Textile Workers, ” suggests textile workers were exposed to chrysotile asbestos in at least four plants in North Carolina, and that the risk of lung cancer and asbestosis increased with cumulative exposure.

The story of how Mumbai became India’s financial capital has deep roots in the city’s rich industrial history. Mumbai was once an industrial hub and what made it so was a boom in its textile industry in the mid 19th century. The textile industry was one of the country’s first modern industries and a catalyst for growth in many parts of the country. Mumbai is said to have had about 130 mills, which were very central to its economy by the 20th century. The remnants of these mills – some of them redeveloped into new buildings, some of them in ruins and covered with moss – are the only remaining traces of its mill culture and history. These 100 or so cotton mills came and went in the span of just a little more than a century, with Cowasji Nanabhai Davar setting up its first mill, called the Bombay Spinning Mill, in 1854. The Great Bombay textile strike took place in 1982, following the shutdown of most of the city’s mills. While the reasons for decline of the mills are many, from the emergence of new and more profitable industries to a series of protests by workers demanding better wages, mill culture was wiped out of the city by the end of the 20th century. Over the past three decades, a majority of these mill lands have been acquired and redeveloped. The revamped buildings are just as relevant to the city today in their new avatars as they were to yesteryear’s Bombay. Lower Parel’s High Street Phoenix is known as one of the country’s largest shopping malls and one of the city’s favorite shopping experiences. With a gross floor area of about 365, 000 square feet, the surrounding compound also hosts a five-star hotel, a multiplex, commercial space, and a residential tower. But Phoenix’s history dates back to 1905 when the Phoenix Mills were set up to manufacture cotton textiles in Mumbai. Similarly, the plush Kamala City business park in Lower Parel used to be the Kamala Mills, a name still used to refer to the compounds. India’s tallest residential building, the Palais Royale in Worli, is built on the remnants of the Shree Ram Mills. Not all of Mumbai’s mills have been given the opportunity to remain pertinent to the city’s contemporary landscape. While the dilapidated Mukesh Mills in Colaba occasionally gets some press for allegedly being haunted, the India United Mills in Byculla and several others remain ignored and tucked into remote belts of the city.

Nylon fibers are one of the fibers having the longest history among synthetic fibers. They are used for a variety of uses from clothing to home furnishings and industrial uses. In nylon fibers, there are many types depending on the raw materials. The fibers most manufactured in Japan is "Nylon 6" fibers. In addition, "Nylon 66" fibers, rather resistant to heat, are also manufactured. Recently, "Nylon 46" fibers, improving their resistance to heat with higher than 290 in melting point, are put into practical application. Comparing other synthetic fibers, great advantages of nylon fibers are resistant to abrasion and flexing, and of supple tactile feeling. Accordingly, thin, light and flexible woven or knitted fabric can be manufactured. Further-more, an advantage of easily dyeability makes possibility recent year to develop many fabrics for clothing. Nylon fibers can be produced in a variety of cross-section and fineness. Composite fibers, having unique appearance and tactile feeling, can also be produced by combining with other types of fibers. Heat storage or warmth retention fibers consisting of extremely fine filament yarns in which carbonaceous material converting the light to heat is inserted. Anti-static nylon fibers inhibiting electro-static charge. Transparent nylon fibers exhibiting more transparent and beautiful colors. Thus a wide variety of nylon fibers are available giving much more performances and fabric hand. Almost all nylon fibers are filament yarns ranging from very fine to coarse denier to be used for clothing such as sport wear, lingerie, pantyhose; home furnishing as carpets; and industrial uses such as fishing nets, ropes, and tire cords.

Black floral boucle design on a satiny, brocade-like background. Medium-weight, with a soft hand and gently drape. Reverse side is dense boucle. We like this chic fabric for dresses and jackets. Color: Black Width: 55 Content: WOOL, ACRYLIC HOW TO CARE FOR WOOL FABRICS: Dry-cleaning is recommended, though some wools can take hand washing. Always test a swatch first if you are going to care for your wool fabrics at home rather than using a drycleaner. Many of the fine wools Mood sells online and in-store have already been "sponged, " or preshrunk, but you can preshrink your wool if necessary. Mood recommends taking your uncut wool fabric to the drycleaners and asking them to steam it for you, which will safely preshrink it more effectively than you can using home methods. Mood strongly recommends test-laundering a swatch, if you plan to wash your garment or home furnishings yourself.